How to write a cover letter
- Opening: say which job you're applying for and where you saw it, with the reference number if there is one. Add a line on what interests you about the job or the employer.
- Middle: show the skills and experience that match what the advert asks for, with real examples and results. Use different examples from your resume, and say why you want to work for this employer.
- Closing: thank them, mention that your resume or CV is attached, and say you'd welcome the chance to talk.
- Keep it short. The UK's National Careers Service says a cover letter is usually 3 to 5 paragraphs. The US Department of Labor's CareerOneStop suggests about 200 to 400 words.
- Write a new one for every job. Check the company name and the person's name are right, and proofread it before you send it.
Greeting and sign-off by country
| Country | You know their name | You don't know their name |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | Dear Ms Patel … Yours sincerely | Dear Sir or Madam … Yours faithfully |
| United States and Canada | Dear Ms. Brooks … Sincerely | Dear Hiring Manager … Sincerely |
| Australia | Dear Ms Patel … Kind regards | Dear Hiring Manager … Kind regards |
The UK pairing (sincerely with a name, faithfully with "Sir or Madam") is the National Careers Service's advice. The others are common choices. You can pick any sign-off in the maker.
Keep private details out
You don't need your date of birth, marital status, nationality, a government ID number or bank details in a cover letter. The maker warns you if it spots one. Your town is enough: you don't need your full home address.
Frequently asked questions
Should I send a PDF or paste the text?
Follow the job advert. If you can attach files, a PDF keeps your layout. If there's a text box on an application form, use "Copy as text" and paste it in.
Is my letter saved anywhere?
No. It's made in your browser and nothing is sent to us or stored on your device. Download the PDF or copy the text before you close the page.
Can I use AI to help write it?
CareerOneStop says it's fine to use AI tools for a first draft, as long as you then edit the letter so it reflects your own voice, skills and interest in the job. Check every fact before you send it.
Do I still need a resume or CV?
Yes. A cover letter goes with your resume or CV, not instead of it. Our resume and CV makers follow each country's official careers advice.
Sources: National Careers Service: how to write a cover letter; CareerOneStop: cover letters. Checked 30 September 2026. The example people and companies are made up.