Comparison at different profit levels
| Profit | Sole trader | Limited company | Better by |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enter your numbers above to see this table. | |||
From April 2026, dividend tax rose to 10.75% (basic rate) and 35.75% (higher rate), and employer National Insurance is 15% above £5,000. This has made a limited company less attractive for many people on modest profits than it used to be.
How to use this calculator
- Enter your yearly business profit before paying yourself.
- Choose a director's salary. Many directors take £12,570, the Personal Allowance.
- Add the extra cost of running a company, such as higher accountancy fees, for a fair comparison.
How it's calculated
Worked example
Sam in England makes £60,000 profit, and would take a £12,570 salary if they set up a company.
At £60,000 the two are almost level: the sole trader comes out £20 ahead, before the extra costs of running a company. A company can still help at higher profits, or if you keep money in the business rather than paying it all out.
What this calculator doesn't cover
- Keeping profit in the company, pension contributions from the company, or paying a spouse.
- IR35, other income, student loans and the High Income Child Benefit Charge.
- Non-tax reasons for a company, such as limited liability or how clients see you.
Frequently asked questions
Why do directors take a £12,570 salary?
It uses the Personal Allowance, so there's no Income Tax on it, and it's below the employee NI threshold. The employer NI it costs is a deductible expense for the company. Some directors choose a lower salary; try different amounts above.
Is a limited company always better?
No. At many profit levels the difference is small, and running a company costs more in accountancy and admin. Talk to an accountant before changing your business structure.
Can I claim the Employment Allowance?
Not if you're a one-director company where the director is the only employee paid above the secondary threshold. That's why this calculator doesn't include it.
Sources (2026 to 2027): tax on dividends, Corporation Tax rates, employer rates and thresholds, Employment Allowance eligibility.